Massachusetts for decades has posted better student outcomes than New York at a considerably lower per-pupil cost. In a new Empire Center report, a former member of the Massachusetts Board of Elementary and Secondary Education takes the first major step toward understanding this disparity by identifying key differences between the two states’ public education systems.

In Better Results with Lower Spending: Public Education in Massachusetts and New York, Dr. Roberta Schaefer finds the differences begin with how education policy is made, with the Massachusetts education bureaucracy directly accountable to the governor while New York’s Education Department is uniquely insulated from political accountability.

Much of Massachusetts’ success, Schaefer explains, can be traced back to sweeping 1993 reforms that tied school funding to changes to curriculum, teacher preparation and licensure and accountability. New York’s massive increases in school aid, on the other hand, were not paired with anything comparable to ensure that student outcomes improved.

“This is a groundbreaking look at why New York is spending 36 percent more per student than Massachusetts while getting outcomes behind Texas, Kansas and Kentucky,” said Tim Hoefer, Empire Center’s CEO and President. “Copying Massachusetts’ success can bring student outcomes up and taxpayer costs down.”

Schaefer’s recommendations include:

  • Allowing New York’s governor, instead of state lawmakers, to select the Board of Regents.
  • Limiting the Regents’ focus exclusively to pre-K-12 education.
  • Developing higher-quality, content-rich standards and curriculums.
  • Improving teacher preparation, professional development, and education school accreditation.
  • Resetting the state’s approach to intervening in underperforming schools and districts with greater focus on student outcomes.

You may also like

Nine Millionaires among NY’s Public Authorities in 2025

Nine millionaires, all healthcare executives, emerged among the 88,228 New York public authority employees, according to, the Empire Center’s transparency website. The data includes payroll information from 385 different agen Read More

132 NYSLRS Retirees Receive Pensions Over $200K in FY2026

A total of 132 retirees from the New York State and Local Retirement System (NYSLRS) were eligible to collect $200,000 or more in pensions during the 2026 fiscal year, according to , the Empire Center’s government transparency website. Among the 132 Read More

Empire Center Poll: Just 4 Percent Approve of New York’s Education System

ALBANY, N.Y. — New Yorkers gave the state’s education system a sweeping vote of no confidence: 47 percent said the state should improve student performance, 41 percent said it should improve performance while spending less, and only 4 Read More

New York’s electricity prices climb to third highest in the U.S.

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE ALBANY, N.Y. — Empire Center’s shows New York households paid the third-highest residential electricity prices in the country in May 2026, trailing only Hawaii and California. The latest U.S. Energy Information Administra Read More

Port Authority Payroll Passes $1.2B as 20 Employees Collect $400k+

Twenty Port Authority of New York and New Jersey (PANYNJ) employees collected more than $400,000 each in total pay last year, while average pay agencywide rose three percent, according to , the Empire Center’s government transparency website. The Por Read More

NYC Employee Pension Payments Rise To $6.2 billion

The pension plan covering most New York city government agencies, including the City’s subway system, had 62 members with pension payments of at least $200,000 last year, according to , the Empire Center’s transparency website. According to the d Read More

Empire Center Poll: New Yorkers Prioritize Low Energy Prices and Have Little Appetite for Radical Climate Policies

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE ALBANY, N.Y. — New Yorkers across political, geographic, age, and income groups oppose energy and climate policies that raise energy prices or force changes on homeowners, according to new Empire Center analysis Read More

New York’s Electricity Prices Fourth Highest in the Country

New York households are paying the fourth-highest electricity prices in the country, according to the Empire Center's In April 2026, residential electricity prices in New York averaged 29.45 cents per kilowatt-hour - 56 percent above the national average Read More